WEBVTT 00:11.440 --> 00:13.360 Hello sunshine. I'm Koi Wire. Welcome to 00:13.360 --> 00:16.000 CNN 10. It's Wednesday, May 14th and we 00:16.000 --> 00:17.359 have made it halfway through the week 00:17.359 --> 00:19.279 and that means it's your word Wednesday. 00:19.279 --> 00:21.119 So listen closely to see if your word 00:21.119 --> 00:22.960 helped us write today's show. We've got 00:22.960 --> 00:25.359 10 minutes of news, brain boosting news 00:25.359 --> 00:27.599 for you and a bit of fun as well. Let's 00:27.599 --> 00:29.760 cook. We begin today with the release of 00:29.760 --> 00:32.000 the last American hostage known to be 00:32.000 --> 00:34.559 alive in Gaza. 21-year-old New Jersey 00:34.559 --> 00:36.960 native Edon Alexander was handed over to 00:36.960 --> 00:38.719 the Red Cross by Hamas before crossing 00:38.719 --> 00:40.559 into Israel after being held in 00:40.559 --> 00:45.000 captivity for one and a half years. 00:50.719 --> 00:52.719 He was soon reunited with his family. 00:52.719 --> 00:54.640 You can only imagine the dispondency 00:54.640 --> 00:56.640 they must have felt while he was away. 00:56.640 --> 00:58.640 Alexander was serving in the Israeli 00:58.640 --> 01:01.039 military near the Gaza border when Hamas 01:01.039 --> 01:02.879 militants launched a surprise attack on 01:02.879 --> 01:06.320 Israel on October 7, 2023, sparking the 01:06.320 --> 01:09.040 current war in Gaza. More than 250 01:09.040 --> 01:10.799 people were taken hostage that day, 01:10.799 --> 01:12.799 including Alexander. There are at least 01:12.799 --> 01:15.040 20 hostages still being held in Gaza who 01:15.040 --> 01:18.600 are believed to be alive. Mr. President, 01:18.600 --> 01:21.439 sir, all of the Israeli people are 01:21.439 --> 01:26.240 behind you. End this war. bring them all 01:26.240 --> 01:28.479 home. After several days of talks 01:28.479 --> 01:30.320 between Hamas and the US, the militant 01:30.320 --> 01:32.400 group announced it agreed to free 01:32.400 --> 01:34.720 Alexander, all in an effort to reach a 01:34.720 --> 01:36.600 ceasefire with 01:36.600 --> 01:39.920 Israel. 10sec trivia. What is the most 01:39.920 --> 01:41.920 needed and most commonly transplanted 01:41.920 --> 01:44.320 organ worldwide? Kidney, heart, lungs, 01:44.320 --> 01:46.640 or 01:50.040 --> 01:52.799 liver? Contestants committed to kidney. 01:52.799 --> 01:54.720 Correct. The organs responsible for 01:54.720 --> 01:56.479 filtering waste and water from our blood 01:56.479 --> 01:58.240 are the most needed and most commonly 01:58.240 --> 02:00.079 transplanted organ. People suffering 02:00.079 --> 02:02.079 from chronic kidney disease or endstage 02:02.079 --> 02:04.240 renal disease can be candidates for a 02:04.240 --> 02:06.719 kidney transplant. Now to some recent 02:06.719 --> 02:08.720 advancements in medicine that sound like 02:08.720 --> 02:10.879 science fiction, but they are very real. 02:10.879 --> 02:13.200 Animal farm. The latest doc by our doc 02:13.200 --> 02:15.400 Dr. Sanjay Gupta explores 02:15.400 --> 02:17.040 xenotransplantation. The practice of 02:17.040 --> 02:18.879 using animal organs for human 02:18.879 --> 02:21.200 transplant. More than 100,000 people are 02:21.200 --> 02:22.560 on the transplant weight list and 02:22.560 --> 02:25.040 experts say this could transform modern 02:25.040 --> 02:27.360 medicine. Who better to talk to than our 02:27.360 --> 02:29.280 Dr. Sanjay Gupta and I know where we can 02:29.280 --> 02:31.599 find them. Field trip. All right. 02:31.599 --> 02:34.160 Welcome to CNN Studio H here in Atlanta. 02:34.160 --> 02:36.080 We're here to meet up with Dr. Sanjay 02:36.080 --> 02:37.519 Gupta. Good to see you, Doc. Thanks for 02:37.519 --> 02:39.000 having me. Talking 02:39.000 --> 02:41.360 xenotransplantation using animal organs 02:41.360 --> 02:43.280 for human transplant. I mean, this is 02:43.280 --> 02:44.800 the best job in the world, right? Being 02:44.800 --> 02:46.239 a journalist because you see things that 02:46.239 --> 02:48.800 nobody else gets to see. Uh what you're 02:48.800 --> 02:50.239 looking at here actually is some of the 02:50.239 --> 02:53.680 technology to actually edit these pigs, 02:53.680 --> 02:56.000 genetically edit these pigs to make them 02:56.000 --> 02:57.840 compatible. These are the pigs going 02:57.840 --> 02:59.360 these are the pigs that have been 02:59.360 --> 03:02.400 modified and made compatible for humans. 03:02.400 --> 03:04.319 I got to meet Tim Andrews. He's the only 03:04.319 --> 03:06.920 living person in the world with a 03:06.920 --> 03:09.760 xenotransplant, an animal organ in his 03:09.760 --> 03:11.760 body. Take a look. 03:11.760 --> 03:14.400 We're of course being just extra careful 03:14.400 --> 03:17.040 and cautious and ensuring things are in 03:17.040 --> 03:19.440 the right direction. And the little pig 03:19.440 --> 03:21.040 is right there so I can pat it. But 03:21.040 --> 03:23.840 today's visit is all about this moment 03:23.840 --> 03:25.280 observing this ultrasound. That is an 03:25.280 --> 03:28.319 ultrasound of a pig kidney inside Tim. 03:28.319 --> 03:30.000 Something that very few people ever get 03:30.000 --> 03:32.640 to see. And it looks exactly like a 03:32.640 --> 03:35.040 human kidney. So, and we see all the 03:35.040 --> 03:37.599 blood flow throughout. So, is there 03:37.599 --> 03:39.120 anything in there that makes it clear 03:39.120 --> 03:41.040 that it's a pig kidney? No. exactly like 03:41.040 --> 03:43.280 a human one. And not only does it look 03:43.280 --> 03:46.319 like one, 8 weeks postoperatively, it's 03:46.319 --> 03:48.640 acting like one. The level of kidney 03:48.640 --> 03:51.280 function is as good as we would expect 03:51.280 --> 03:53.599 from a human kidney transplant. We just 03:53.599 --> 03:54.959 are amazed every day we look at that 03:54.959 --> 03:57.599 blood glow work. 03:57.599 --> 03:59.439 Yeah, that's awesome. Good stuff, isn't 03:59.439 --> 04:01.519 it? 04:01.519 --> 04:03.920 Very cool. Now, tell me this. Why pigs 04:03.920 --> 04:06.000 and not other animals? Yeah. So, this is 04:06.000 --> 04:07.840 really interesting. Some of it's just 04:07.840 --> 04:10.239 really practical. Pigs are about the 04:10.239 --> 04:12.480 same size as humans. Bigger pig for you 04:12.480 --> 04:14.959 than me, but still around that size. And 04:14.959 --> 04:16.720 so their organs are going to be very 04:16.720 --> 04:19.199 similar to human organs. The kidney, the 04:19.199 --> 04:21.040 heart, whatever it might be. Second 04:21.040 --> 04:22.400 thing is, you know, pigs, their 04:22.400 --> 04:24.720 pregnancy lasts about 3 months, 3 weeks, 04:24.720 --> 04:26.800 3 days. It's good little tidbit. Pretty 04:26.800 --> 04:29.280 pretty standard. So fast pregnancy. They 04:29.280 --> 04:30.800 make a lot of piglets. So you can 04:30.800 --> 04:32.479 potentially get a lot of organs. And 04:32.479 --> 04:34.400 then as I just mentioned, they can be 04:34.400 --> 04:36.960 modified genetically to actually make 04:36.960 --> 04:39.120 them more compatible with humans. 04:39.120 --> 04:40.400 Finally, I'll I'll tell you an 04:40.400 --> 04:42.720 interesting thing is that they're not as 04:42.720 --> 04:44.880 evolutionarily similar to humans. And 04:44.880 --> 04:46.960 you might think that's a bad thing, but 04:46.960 --> 04:48.320 actually it's a good thing when it comes 04:48.320 --> 04:50.240 to transplant because they're less 04:50.240 --> 04:52.960 likely to have viruses that can then go 04:52.960 --> 04:55.199 to humans as well. So for all those 04:55.199 --> 04:56.479 reasons, pigs are pretty good 04:56.479 --> 04:58.000 candidates. That's fascinating. Now, 04:58.000 --> 05:00.479 what does genetically edited mean and 05:00.479 --> 05:02.400 how do they do it? Yeah, this is this is 05:02.400 --> 05:04.479 a really important question. First of 05:04.479 --> 05:06.479 all, okay, so let me just show you this. 05:06.479 --> 05:08.840 Pig genome, which is basically your 05:08.840 --> 05:11.440 blueprint, human genome, they're 05:11.440 --> 05:13.759 actually not that different. That's the 05:13.759 --> 05:15.600 first thing to sort of keep in mind. So 05:15.600 --> 05:18.039 for for humans, you have 05:18.039 --> 05:22.080 basically these various base pairs and 05:22.080 --> 05:23.919 you look at this, you get that over and 05:23.919 --> 05:25.840 over again. That is your genetic 05:25.840 --> 05:27.840 blueprint. Yours, mine can be pretty 05:27.840 --> 05:30.880 similar. Pigs are slightly different and 05:30.880 --> 05:34.400 they might have one particular gene over 05:34.400 --> 05:36.479 here like this one which is something 05:36.479 --> 05:39.520 that if you put that into a human the 05:39.520 --> 05:42.160 human would instantly reject it. So with 05:42.160 --> 05:44.720 editing what you can do you can get rid 05:44.720 --> 05:47.199 of things like this and you can also 05:47.199 --> 05:50.320 take human genes and actually transport 05:50.320 --> 05:53.440 them over to the pig to make them more 05:53.440 --> 05:55.360 compatible. So what I've just described 05:55.360 --> 05:57.280 there is something known as crisper. 05:57.280 --> 05:59.919 It's a Nobel Prize-winning technology, 05:59.919 --> 06:01.840 but that makes pigs more compatible with 06:01.840 --> 06:04.240 humans. That is incredible stuff. Thank 06:04.240 --> 06:06.000 you for taking a very complex and 06:06.000 --> 06:07.680 evolving subject and breaking it all 06:07.680 --> 06:10.479 down for us as only you can do. Be sure 06:10.479 --> 06:12.720 to tune in to Doc's full report, Dr. 06:12.720 --> 06:14.720 Sanjay Gupta's Animal Farm, airing 06:14.720 --> 06:17.840 Sunday night at 8 Eastern, only on CNN. 06:17.840 --> 06:19.360 Now, another thing you can do is help 06:19.360 --> 06:21.520 inspire us with graduation just around 06:21.520 --> 06:23.199 the corner. Doc, I know you've given a 06:23.199 --> 06:24.560 lot of commencement speeches in your 06:24.560 --> 06:26.479 day. Harvard, Baylor, even at your alma 06:26.479 --> 06:28.080 mater, University of Michigan. What's 06:28.080 --> 06:29.840 one bit of advice that you have for all 06:29.840 --> 06:31.280 our seniors out there who are getting 06:31.280 --> 06:32.880 ready to walk that graduation stage? And 06:32.880 --> 06:34.720 I and I have uh kids that are in that 06:34.720 --> 06:37.919 time period of their lives as well. Um I 06:37.919 --> 06:40.240 would say two things. First of all, it's 06:40.240 --> 06:42.160 going to be okay. I know sometimes 06:42.160 --> 06:44.080 that's hard to appreciate in the moment, 06:44.080 --> 06:45.759 but it's going to be okay. Take it from 06:45.759 --> 06:48.080 guys like us. But second of all, do 06:48.080 --> 06:50.880 something that scares you every day. Get 06:50.880 --> 06:52.479 you outside of your comfort zone. 06:52.479 --> 06:54.240 that'll make you more willing to try new 06:54.240 --> 06:56.319 things and this is the time in your life 06:56.319 --> 06:58.720 to try and do that. I love that and he 06:58.720 --> 07:00.639 practices what he preaches so I know it 07:00.639 --> 07:02.240 to be true. Now for those of you who 07:02.240 --> 07:03.919 don't know Doc is a graduate of the 07:03.919 --> 07:05.360 University of Michigan and in addition 07:05.360 --> 07:07.199 to being our chief medical correspondent 07:07.199 --> 07:09.599 he's also currently a practicing brain 07:09.599 --> 07:12.639 surgeon at Emory University and Emory 07:12.639 --> 07:14.400 just had their graduation ceremony for 07:14.400 --> 07:17.199 the class of 2025. They ushered in a 07:17.199 --> 07:19.759 very special commencement speaker Usher. 07:19.759 --> 07:21.440 The eight-time Grammy-winning singer 07:21.440 --> 07:23.360 songwriter delivered a moving speech 07:23.360 --> 07:25.520 encouraging grads to dream big, work 07:25.520 --> 07:27.039 hard, and do what they love. He also 07:27.039 --> 07:28.560 reminded them in this day and age of 07:28.560 --> 07:30.160 social media that life's about a lot 07:30.160 --> 07:32.280 more than following others. 07:32.280 --> 07:35.560 Listen, this world doesn't need more 07:35.560 --> 07:38.560 followers. It needs fearless architects 07:38.560 --> 07:40.800 of our future. And that's exactly who 07:40.800 --> 07:44.520 you are. Be a dreamer. Never stop 07:44.520 --> 07:46.599 imagining. Be 07:46.599 --> 07:48.960 better. Fight for a better life. fight 07:48.960 --> 07:52.000 for a better world. The goal is beyond 07:52.000 --> 07:53.680 our reach, but we can reach as long as 07:53.680 --> 07:55.400 we 07:55.400 --> 07:58.879 try. And furthermore, we will succeed 07:58.879 --> 08:01.520 because we 08:05.000 --> 08:07.599 do. Today's story getting a 10 out of 10 08:07.599 --> 08:10.240 goes to a bystander CPR skills that 08:10.240 --> 08:12.720 saved a teen's life. 15-year-old Evan 08:12.720 --> 08:14.400 Tucker was out on the baseball field 08:14.400 --> 08:15.840 playing his favorite sport when the 08:15.840 --> 08:18.080 unthinkable happened. He collapsed. his 08:18.080 --> 08:19.759 heart no longer beating in a moment of 08:19.759 --> 08:21.840 cardiac arrest. That's when a stranger 08:21.840 --> 08:24.080 in the stands ran into the field and 08:24.080 --> 08:26.800 started CPR. You hear someone scream, 08:26.800 --> 08:29.360 "Is there a nurse out here?" Yeah. What? 08:29.360 --> 08:32.719 What are you? I'm a project manager. 08:32.719 --> 08:34.560 You're not a nurse? I'm not a nurse. But 08:34.560 --> 08:37.200 you did know CPR. I did. Uh where did 08:37.200 --> 08:39.839 you learn that? I learned CPR in high 08:39.839 --> 08:42.479 school when I was 17 and I've never had 08:42.479 --> 08:43.800 to use it 08:43.800 --> 08:47.760 in 40 years. Janette Wilmet says she 08:47.760 --> 08:49.680 kept the CPR maneuver going for about 08:49.680 --> 08:51.680 eight minutes until an ambulance arrived 08:51.680 --> 08:54.000 and it likely saved his life. Evan made 08:54.000 --> 08:55.600 it to the hospital. His health is 08:55.600 --> 08:57.519 improving and as he began his long road 08:57.519 --> 08:59.120 to recovery, he got to meet the woman 08:59.120 --> 09:01.360 who saved him. It's a valuable reminder 09:01.360 --> 09:02.959 that what we learned today just might 09:02.959 --> 09:04.800 help us change someone's life in the 09:04.800 --> 09:06.560 future. All right, we want to give a big 09:06.560 --> 09:08.399 congrats to Miss Bower at St. Margaret 09:08.399 --> 09:09.920 Mary Catholic School in Slideel, 09:09.920 --> 09:11.600 Louisiana for submitting our word of the 09:11.600 --> 09:14.320 day. Despondency, a noun meaning a state 09:14.320 --> 09:16.800 of low spirits caused by loss of hope or 09:16.800 --> 09:18.800 courage. Well done. Thank you for making 09:18.800 --> 09:21.120 us smarter today. And our shout out 09:21.120 --> 09:24.640 today, a good one. Going to pace program 09:24.640 --> 09:26.800 at Midland Care Connection in Lawrence, 09:26.800 --> 09:28.399 Kansas. We appreciate you tuning in 09:28.399 --> 09:31.040 every day and proving it's important to 09:31.040 --> 09:33.440 stay informed. It's a lifelong practice. 09:33.440 --> 09:35.519 Rise up. Thank you for all submitting 09:35.519 --> 09:37.360 those shout out requests on our CNN 10 09:37.360 --> 09:39.120 YouTube page and spending part of your 09:39.120 --> 09:40.560 day with us. Have an awesome one. And 09:40.560 --> 09:41.920 I'll see you right back here tomorrow on 09:41.920 --> 09:45.480 CNN 10.