WEBVTT 00:11.360 --> 00:13.840 Hello, sunshine, rise up. Welcome to CNN 00:13.840 --> 00:16.240 10 for Tuesday, March 13th. I'm Ky Wire, 00:16.240 --> 00:17.680 here to help you fuel your mind with the 00:17.680 --> 00:20.560 latest news from around the world. Heat, 00:20.560 --> 00:21.920 pressure, and time. The three things 00:21.920 --> 00:23.600 that make a waffle also make diamonds. 00:23.600 --> 00:24.800 So, let's crank up the heat, push 00:24.800 --> 00:26.480 through the pressure, and shine bright. 00:26.480 --> 00:28.960 Your 10 minutes of news starts now. We 00:28.960 --> 00:30.720 begin today with a breakthrough in trade 00:30.720 --> 00:32.719 talks between the United States and 00:32.719 --> 00:34.960 China. The two countries are cooling 00:34.960 --> 00:37.680 down a trade war by agreeing to a big 00:37.680 --> 00:39.840 roll back in tariffs on each other's 00:39.840 --> 00:42.640 products for an initial 90day period. 00:42.640 --> 00:44.719 Tariffs are attacks placed on items that 00:44.719 --> 00:46.800 are imported or exported from one 00:46.800 --> 00:48.640 country to another. When President 00:48.640 --> 00:50.640 Donald Trump raised tariffs earlier this 00:50.640 --> 00:52.320 year, the two countries went back and 00:52.320 --> 00:54.640 forth imposing higher rates on each 00:54.640 --> 00:57.039 other's goods. US tariffs went to a 00:57.039 --> 01:00.559 whopping 145% on Chinese goods, but now 01:00.559 --> 01:03.039 the US agreed to temporarily lower them 01:03.039 --> 01:06.240 to 30%. China agreed to cut its tariffs 01:06.240 --> 01:10.320 on American imports from 125% to 10. The 01:10.320 --> 01:11.920 announcement comes after a marathon 01:11.920 --> 01:14.240 weekend of negotiations in Switzerland 01:14.240 --> 01:15.840 with officials from the two largest 01:15.840 --> 01:17.520 economies in the world quickly reaching 01:17.520 --> 01:19.520 a deal. Officials have been at a 01:19.520 --> 01:21.920 stalemate since the trade war escalated. 01:21.920 --> 01:24.080 The deal, even if temporary, is a major 01:24.080 --> 01:26.240 relief to American businesses who would 01:26.240 --> 01:28.159 have seen their profits decrease. It 01:28.159 --> 01:30.320 could also mean a major relief to 01:30.320 --> 01:32.320 consumers who would have seen the high 01:32.320 --> 01:34.159 cost of tariffs passed on to them, 01:34.159 --> 01:36.560 impacting their wallets. It's the US 01:36.560 --> 01:39.119 businesses importing the goods, not the 01:39.119 --> 01:40.960 foreign companies who have to pay the 01:40.960 --> 01:42.799 taxes to the federal government for the 01:42.799 --> 01:45.680 products they import. Now, to a major 01:45.680 --> 01:47.600 presidential gift that's raising some 01:47.600 --> 01:49.040 eyebrows. Over the weekend, President 01:49.040 --> 01:50.479 Donald Trump said that the Defense 01:50.479 --> 01:52.720 Department plans to accept a $400 01:52.720 --> 01:54.720 million jet from the government of 01:54.720 --> 01:56.799 Qatar. The luxury Boeing jet would 01:56.799 --> 01:58.880 replace Air Force One while Trump is in 01:58.880 --> 02:01.280 office. The plan is to then donate it to 02:01.280 --> 02:02.960 Trump's presidential library when his 02:02.960 --> 02:04.719 term is over. So, it would essentially 02:04.719 --> 02:07.040 become a very expensive presidential 02:07.040 --> 02:09.360 relic of sorts. The president said he 02:09.360 --> 02:11.440 would not fly it for personal use. The 02:11.440 --> 02:13.040 gift would be the most valuable gift 02:13.040 --> 02:14.720 ever given to the US government from a 02:14.720 --> 02:17.440 foreign power and is raising legal, 02:17.440 --> 02:19.200 national, security, and ethical 02:19.200 --> 02:21.280 questions nonetheless. Normally, gifts 02:21.280 --> 02:22.720 to US presidents from foreign 02:22.720 --> 02:25.360 governments require approval by Congress 02:25.360 --> 02:27.599 and are subject to specific rules. 02:27.599 --> 02:29.440 Qatari officials have confirmed that the 02:29.440 --> 02:30.959 gift is a government-to-government 02:30.959 --> 02:33.120 transaction, not a personal one. 02:33.120 --> 02:35.120 Attorney General Pam Bondi said the gift 02:35.120 --> 02:37.440 was quote legally permissible. The 02:37.440 --> 02:39.120 Defense Department will still need to 02:39.120 --> 02:41.040 spend millions to retrofit the plane 02:41.040 --> 02:43.360 with security features and modifications 02:43.360 --> 02:46.080 so it can be used as Air Force One. The 02:46.080 --> 02:48.480 CIA and National Security Agency will 02:48.480 --> 02:50.400 also have to diligently search the plane 02:50.400 --> 02:52.480 for any kind of tracking or surveillance 02:52.480 --> 02:55.440 devices. But upgrading the Air Force One 02:55.440 --> 02:57.200 aircraft has been a longtime priority 02:57.200 --> 02:59.280 for President Trump. Our Tom Foreman 02:59.280 --> 03:02.000 takes us through that history. He's 03:02.000 --> 03:04.400 hardly the first to oversee changes. 03:04.400 --> 03:06.000 President Eisenhower returns to 03:06.000 --> 03:07.840 Washington. The president's plane, 03:07.840 --> 03:10.560 called Air Force One since the 1950s, 03:10.560 --> 03:12.920 has experienced many upgrades and 03:12.920 --> 03:15.599 modifications and once featured a gaudy 03:15.599 --> 03:18.319 orange front. But when John and Jackie 03:18.319 --> 03:20.800 Kennedy proposed a new design in the 03:20.800 --> 03:24.480 early 60s, it stuck. Air Force One has 03:24.480 --> 03:27.040 looked like this ever since. The flying 03:27.040 --> 03:29.040 White House in times of conflict, 03:29.040 --> 03:31.760 confusion, and more. a worldwide symbol 03:31.760 --> 03:34.560 of presidential stability and power in 03:34.560 --> 03:38.959 fact and fiction. Get off my plane. For 03:38.959 --> 03:40.640 all that, an official close to the 03:40.640 --> 03:43.040 project tells CNN Trump has been deeply 03:43.040 --> 03:45.840 involved in the new design. It was a 03:45.840 --> 03:47.840 22-hour flight. You think that's fun? 03:47.840 --> 03:49.920 That's not even fun in Air Force One. 03:49.920 --> 03:52.080 Nothing appears set in stone yet. But 03:52.080 --> 03:54.080 while 10 other presidents have left Air 03:54.080 --> 03:57.280 Force One largely as they found it, this 03:57.280 --> 04:00.760 one seems intent on leaving his 04:00.760 --> 04:04.239 mark. Did you know the US president used 04:04.239 --> 04:06.560 to cruise around in a yacht? Before Air 04:06.560 --> 04:08.480 Force One, the US government owned the 04:08.480 --> 04:11.200 USS Seoia, which hosted nine presidents 04:11.200 --> 04:13.120 from Herbert Hoover to Jimmy Carter. 04:13.120 --> 04:16.479 From 1931 to 1977, the floating White 04:16.479 --> 04:18.400 House, so to speak, was a venue for 04:18.400 --> 04:21.040 official events and social events, too. 04:21.040 --> 04:22.800 It hosted gatherings for some major 04:22.800 --> 04:24.560 moments in history like discussions over 04:24.560 --> 04:27.040 the atomic bomb, civil rights, and the 04:27.040 --> 04:29.520 Vietnam War. It hosted John F. Kennedy's 04:29.520 --> 04:31.360 last birthday celebration before his 04:31.360 --> 04:35.360 assassination in 1963. But in 1977, 04:35.360 --> 04:37.360 President Jimmy Carter decided to sell 04:37.360 --> 04:39.919 the yacht to reduce government spending 04:39.919 --> 04:42.880 and have a less extravagant presidency. 04:42.880 --> 04:44.320 10 years later, the vessel was 04:44.320 --> 04:47.199 designated a national historic landmark. 04:47.199 --> 04:49.160 The more you 04:49.160 --> 04:51.840 know. Pop quiz. Hot shot. The largest 04:51.840 --> 04:53.759 hailstone ever measured was roughly the 04:53.759 --> 04:55.840 size of what? Teacup, softball, 04:55.840 --> 04:58.720 kickball, or 05:02.680 --> 05:05.360 grapefruit. If you said kickball, put a 05:05.360 --> 05:08.240 foot up. In 2015, a hail storm in South 05:08.240 --> 05:10.639 Dakota produced a 2-lb hailstone 05:10.639 --> 05:13.280 measuring 8 in in diameter. Hail forms 05:13.280 --> 05:15.520 when raindrops are whisked back up to 05:15.520 --> 05:17.680 the extremely cold higher altitudes by a 05:17.680 --> 05:19.520 thunderstorm's rising air currents. 05:19.520 --> 05:20.960 That's where they freeze and eventually 05:20.960 --> 05:22.639 become heavy enough to fall back to 05:22.639 --> 05:27.080 Earth. Hopefully not in your dome. 05:27.120 --> 05:29.039 Large hail storms have swept across the 05:29.039 --> 05:31.120 southern US, including Tennessee, North 05:31.120 --> 05:33.440 Carolina, and Arizona over the past 2 05:33.440 --> 05:35.600 weeks. Despite summer being just a month 05:35.600 --> 05:37.280 away, some residents reported their 05:37.280 --> 05:39.199 shock to seeing frozen ice falling from 05:39.199 --> 05:41.440 the sky, including into their pool, like 05:41.440 --> 05:43.400 this one in 05:43.400 --> 05:45.919 Arizona. Low visibility and damage from 05:45.919 --> 05:47.759 the chunks of hail were reported in 05:47.759 --> 05:50.080 several 05:50.199 --> 05:52.960 states. While an icy storm so close to 05:52.960 --> 05:55.280 summer may seem odd, weather data shows 05:55.280 --> 05:57.120 that May is actually the most common 05:57.120 --> 05:58.960 month for hail storms, according to the 05:58.960 --> 06:00.960 National Weather Service. 06:00.960 --> 06:02.880 Now to a potential breakthrough in how 06:02.880 --> 06:05.120 to brew coffee. Actually, more 06:05.120 --> 06:07.440 specifically, how to pour coffee in a 06:07.440 --> 06:09.600 way that saves money. With the price of 06:09.600 --> 06:11.440 coffee beans spiking because of trade 06:11.440 --> 06:13.520 taxes and a shorter supply of beans due 06:13.520 --> 06:15.600 to climate issues, a new way to save 06:15.600 --> 06:18.160 some beans is making some folks perk up. 06:18.160 --> 06:20.160 The ubiquitous breakfast brew was 06:20.160 --> 06:22.080 recently the focus of a scientific study 06:22.080 --> 06:24.000 at the University of Pennsylvania where 06:24.000 --> 06:26.400 researchers use physics to figure out a 06:26.400 --> 06:29.120 way to pour a quality cup using fewer 06:29.120 --> 06:31.840 beans. Turns out it's all about fluid 06:31.840 --> 06:33.840 dynamics. What happens when boiling 06:33.840 --> 06:35.440 water meets coffee grounds at the 06:35.440 --> 06:37.039 perfect speed from the perfect height? 06:37.039 --> 06:38.960 My CNN team wanted me to put it to the 06:38.960 --> 06:43.039 test, so I did. The need for coffee is 06:43.039 --> 06:45.360 real. But with increasing prices and the 06:45.360 --> 06:47.039 climate crisis threatening the trees and 06:47.039 --> 06:48.319 shrubs, there's got to be a better way 06:48.319 --> 06:50.479 to create a strong cup of coffee using 06:50.479 --> 06:53.280 fewer beans. There is. Ow. What's up, 06:53.280 --> 06:55.840 Jackie? Physicists and fluid mechanics 06:55.840 --> 06:57.120 experts at the University of 06:57.120 --> 06:59.520 Pennsylvania did a study on exactly 06:59.520 --> 07:01.919 this. Now, their research focused on 07:01.919 --> 07:03.599 pourover coffee. So, you're going to 07:03.599 --> 07:05.599 need a pourover coffee kit. That 07:05.599 --> 07:08.319 includes a coffee dripper, a filter, a 07:08.319 --> 07:10.720 coffee grinder, and a gooseeneck kettle. 07:10.720 --> 07:12.720 Good luck. Appreciate you. Well, all 07:12.720 --> 07:15.680 right. Let's get to 07:16.120 --> 07:21.400 it. Boil the water. Check. 07:21.599 --> 07:23.440 All right. Pro coffee maker tips. So, 07:23.440 --> 07:25.360 I'm told you put the dry filter in and 07:25.360 --> 07:27.440 you wet the filter first to get that 07:27.440 --> 07:30.520 paper taste off of the 07:30.520 --> 07:34.120 paper. Dump that water out, filter back 07:34.120 --> 07:36.960 in. Next up, load the grinds in the 07:36.960 --> 07:39.440 filter. And we're going to use a little 07:39.440 --> 07:42.800 bit less grinds than we typically 07:43.240 --> 07:46.080 would. Now, to the technical part. I'm 07:46.080 --> 07:48.800 supposed to pour this hot water from 30 07:48.800 --> 07:52.560 cm high, aka 11.8 in. And producer 07:52.560 --> 07:54.560 Tiffany, always producing, has a tape 07:54.560 --> 07:56.800 measure for us. So, here we go. 07:56.800 --> 07:59.120 Researchers say that pouring from this 07:59.120 --> 08:02.240 height creates an avalanche of sorts 08:02.240 --> 08:05.120 within the grounds as you're pouring. I 08:05.120 --> 08:06.800 can't pour too fast cuz I am not going 08:06.800 --> 08:08.879 to slurp coffee off of this counter. 08:08.879 --> 08:11.280 Maybe I would, but not too slowly. 08:11.280 --> 08:12.720 Otherwise, you might break the stream 08:12.720 --> 08:16.919 and it won't be able to mix correctly. 08:17.639 --> 08:21.400 Noted. All right. Looks ready. Smells 08:21.400 --> 08:26.800 ready. Now for the moment of 08:28.199 --> 08:31.680 truth. Here we 08:31.800 --> 08:35.760 go. She deserves it. Not sure what that 08:35.760 --> 08:38.320 look was. I guess I'm going to have to 08:38.320 --> 08:41.440 pour myself another cup here. And let's 08:41.440 --> 08:44.440 see. 08:46.560 --> 08:49.279 That is a strong cup of coffee using 08:49.279 --> 08:51.440 fewer beans. Researchers say you have 08:51.440 --> 08:53.440 to, you know, practice at home so you 08:53.440 --> 08:54.800 don't make a mess and you perfect that 08:54.800 --> 08:56.959 perfect pour. But that's a small price 08:56.959 --> 09:01.200 to pay for making the world a better 09:06.519 --> 09:08.880 place. Today's story getting a 10 out of 09:08.880 --> 09:11.040 10. A young man who reminds us that you 09:11.040 --> 09:12.560 can find strength through your 09:12.560 --> 09:14.640 struggles. Virginia Union University 09:14.640 --> 09:17.440 student Jaden Pikeet thought he might 09:17.440 --> 09:19.760 never walk again after a tragic traffic 09:19.760 --> 09:22.240 incident, let alone the graduation stage 09:22.240 --> 09:24.399 a month later. But Jaden never gave up 09:24.399 --> 09:26.320 hope. And in that hope, he found the 09:26.320 --> 09:28.880 inspiration and determination to find a 09:28.880 --> 09:30.480 way. Here's part of his incredible 09:30.480 --> 09:34.560 story. I am thrilled. I'm excited for 09:34.560 --> 09:36.640 myself. After just two weeks at the 09:36.640 --> 09:39.120 Sheltering Arms Institute at VCU, he was 09:39.120 --> 09:41.360 introduced to the exoskeleton, a 09:41.360 --> 09:44.480 wearable robotic device. I really got 09:44.480 --> 09:47.279 motivated and determined to just keep 09:47.279 --> 09:50.880 getting up using the Exo every day I can 09:50.880 --> 09:53.600 and just getting comfortable being in 09:53.600 --> 09:55.519 it. He saw a video of another grad 09:55.519 --> 09:57.120 crossing the stage with one and was 09:57.120 --> 09:59.519 determined to make that his reality in 09:59.519 --> 10:01.680 the span of just a few months. 10:01.680 --> 10:04.800 Graduating college is not easy and going 10:04.800 --> 10:06.720 through rehabilitation after a spinal 10:06.720 --> 10:09.279 cord injury is not easy. Doing both at 10:09.279 --> 10:12.160 the same time is impressive and it's a 10:12.160 --> 10:14.399 testament to how hard he works and his 10:14.399 --> 10:17.279 his overall work 10:18.279 --> 10:21.200 ethic. Rise up. No matter who you are or 10:21.200 --> 10:22.800 what you're going through, remember that 10:22.800 --> 10:24.399 you are more powerful than you know and 10:24.399 --> 10:26.320 you just may be the inspiration others 10:26.320 --> 10:28.959 need. All right, tomorrow is #youword 10:28.959 --> 10:30.560 Wednesday. So follow me at koiwire on 10:30.560 --> 10:32.480 the socials. Put your unique vocabulary 10:32.480 --> 10:34.640 word in the comment section of my most 10:34.640 --> 10:37.040 recent post with the definition. Put 10:37.040 --> 10:38.720 your school, your teacher's name mascot 10:38.720 --> 10:39.760 if you'd like, and we're going to choose 10:39.760 --> 10:42.000 one winner to work into tomorrow's show. 10:42.000 --> 10:44.560 Today's shout out is going to the 10:44.560 --> 10:46.640 Edenwald School in Pleasantville, New 10:46.640 --> 10:48.720 York. We see all your hard work. We see 10:48.720 --> 10:50.880 you Edenwald Eagles. Keep soaring high, 10:50.880 --> 10:52.640 baby. That's all we have time for for 10:52.640 --> 10:54.720 now. Let's focus on the details today. 10:54.720 --> 10:56.720 Dominate the details. Remember, how you 10:56.720 --> 10:58.480 do the little things is that determines 10:58.480 --> 11:00.240 how well be prepared you'll be for the 11:00.240 --> 11:02.079 biggest moments in life. I'm Koi Wire 11:02.079 --> 11:06.279 and we are CNN 10.